In 2022, the Governors Highway Safety Association estimated that 7,508 pedestrians were killed by motor vehicles on American roads, the highest number since 1981. In big cities and small towns, people face increasing danger when navigating communities on foot. As advocates for connected and walkable downtowns, Main Streets have a crucial role to play in increasing pedestrian safety.
Understanding Where We Stand
To increase pedestrian safety, we first need to understand the scope of the problem. One resource is Smart Growth America’s Dangerous by Design program, which collected data on pedestrian safety and provides the findings in a variety of formats, including a full report, an interactive map, and rankings by state.
Their data found that people of color, especially those who identify as Black and Native American, were more likely to die in pedestrian collisions. Also at high risk are older adults and people walking in lower-income areas.
Where does your state or local area rank on their list? How can Main Streets help reduce pedestrian fatalities and create safer, more walkable communities?
Slowing Our Streets
Reducing average speed on our streets is one of the easiest and best ways to make them safer for pedestrians, as collisions at higher speeds are much more likely to be deadly. According to Change Lab Solutions, collisions with cars traveling 30 miles per hour result in pedestrian deaths 40 percent of the time, compared to 5 percent of the time for collisions with cars traveling 20 miles per hour.
Reducing municipal speed limits is one way to slow down vehicular traffic in our communities, and Main Streets can be powerful advocates to encourage that change. But there are other important tools that we can use as well. Bloomberg’s Asphalt Art Safety Study analyzed asphalt art sites across the country and found that the presence of asphalt art resulted in a 27 percent increase in the rate of drivers yielding to pedestrians and a 25 percent drop in potentially dangerous conflicts between drivers and pedestrians.
A “road diet” is another tool to calm traffic, reduce speeds, and make streets safer. This involves transforming a four-lane road into a three-lane road (one lane in each direction and a center two-way left turn lane). Road diets have been found to improve pedestrian safety by reducing the number of lanes at crossings, creating opportunities for pedestrian refuges on roads, and facilitating more consistent driving speeds.
Other traffic calming measures include medians, pinch points, chicanes, reduced setbacks, sidewalk trees, and on-street parking. Many of these changes can align with other Main Street placemaking goals, like installing parklets, adding public art, and increasing access.